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HSBTE DMLT IInd Semester Syllabus

HSBTE DMLT IInd Semester Syllabus all subjects Bacteriology, Human Anatomy Physiology, Hematology, Biochemistry, Fundamental of IT, Environmental Studies and Disaster Management.

HSBTE QUESTION SOLUTION

Dr Pramila Singh

1/3/20245 min read

2.1 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY – II

UNIT I

  • Nervous system

  • 1.1 Central nervous system (brain and spinal cord)

  • 1.2 Peripheral nervous system (cranial and spinal nerves)

  • 1.3 The sense organs (eye, ear, tongue, and nose); structure and functions.

UNIT II

  • Circulatory system

  • 1.1 Composition and functions of blood

  • 1.2 Anatomy and Physiology of Heart

  • 1.3 Circulation of blood, Cardiac Cycle, and Conducting System of the Heart

  • 1.4 The blood pressure

  • 1.5 Arteries and viens

  • 1.6 Lymph and lymphatic system.

UNIT III

  • Endocrine system

  • Description of each endocrine gland its secretions and their effect on the body.

UNIT IV

  • Excretory System

  • 1.1 Organs of excretion (kidneys, ureter, bladder)

  • 1.2 Formation of urine and its composition

  • 1.3 Structure of nephron

UNIT V

  • Reproductive System

  • 1.1 Male and female reproductive system

  • 1.2 The ovarian cycle and ovulation

  • 1.3 Fertilization

2.2 BACTERIOLOGY L P 3

UNIT 1

  • Bacteriology

  • 1.1 General characteristics of bacteria-morphology, staining, culture, biochemical

  • 1.2 Characteristics, antibiotics related to Gram-Positive bacteria and their distribution:

  • Gram Positive

  • 1.3 Staphylococci

  • 1.4 Strep to cocci and pneumococci

  • 1.5 Enter obacteriacae-(Ecoli,Salmonella,Shigella)

UNIT II

  • Characteristics, antibiotics related to Gram Negative bacteria, and their distribution:-

  • 2.1 Pseudomonas

  • 2.2 Proteus

  • 2.3 Vibrio cholerae

  • 2.4 Neisseria

  • 2.5 Treponema Pallidium

  • 2.6 Mycobacterium tuberculosis and lepra

UNIT III

  • Bacterial pathogenicity

  • 3.1 Introduction, pathogenicity & infection.

  • 3.2 Sources of infection

  • 3.3 Mode of spread of infection

  • 3.4 Types of Infection

UNIT IV

  • Nosocomial Infection

  • 4.1 Introduction

  • 4.2 Common types and source of nosocomial infection

  • 4.3 Control of nosocomial infections

UNIT V

  • Laboratory diagnosis of infectious diseases

  • 5.1 Septicaemia and bacteremia

  • 5.2 Respiratory tract infections (Throat Swab and Sputum sample)

  • 5.3 Wound infections

  • 5.4 Urinary tract infections

  • 5.5 Enteric fever

  • 5.6 Intestinal infection

  • 5.7 Meningitis

2.3 APPLIED HAEMATOLOGY

UNIT I

  • Haemoglobinometery

  • 1.1 Formation of hemoglobin, function, and its degradation

  • 1.2 Types of Hemoglobin

  • 1.3 Various methods of estimation with specific reference to cyanmethaemoglobin method

UNIT II

  • Hemocytometer

  • 2.1 Various counting chambers

  • 2.2 Methods of counting RBC, WBC, and platelets, their calculation, and reference values.

  • 2.3 Errors involved in a hemocytometer and means to minimize them

UNIT III

  • Differential leukocyte counting (DLC)

  • 3.1 Preparation and staining of blood film

  • 3.2 Performance of DLC

  • 3.3 Normal values and significance of DLC

  • 3.4 Blood cell morphology in health and disease (Peripheral blood film)

UNIT IV

  • Quality Assurance in hematology

  • 4.1 Internal & External Quality Assurance

  • 4.2 Define accuracy, precision, and Standard Deviation.

UNIT V

  • Automation in hematology

  • 5.1 Various types of Blood cell counter.

  • 5.2 Principle and operation of the automated blood cell counters.

2.4 CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

UNIT I

  • Introduction to biochemistry

  • 1.1 Definition and Importance of Biochemistry

  • 1.2 Volumetric apparatus and their calibration Blood fractions

  • 1.3 Separation of Serum

  • 1.4 Separation of Plasma

  • 1.5 Different protein precipitating reagents, Preparation of protein-free filtrate (PFF)

UNIT II

  • Collection and preservation of clinical specimens for biochemical analysis of

  • 1.1 Blood

  • 1.2.Urine

  • 1.3.Stool

  • 2.5 Other Body Fluids

UNIT III

  • Blood glucose estimation, screening test, and glucose tolerance test (GTT)

  • 3.1 Principle and methods of estimation

  • 3.2 Reference values

  • 3.3 Renal threshold

UNIT IV

  • Clinical importance of blood sugars/GTT

  • 4.1 Blood urea

  • 4.2 Formation and excretion of urea

  • 4.3 Principle and procedures of different methods of urea estimation

  • 4.3 Reference values

  • 4.5 Clinical Importance

UNIT V

  • Serum proteins

  • 1.1 Introduction

  • 1.2 Different methods of estimation including principles and procedures

  • 1.3 Reference values

  • 1.4 Clinical importance

Uric Acid

  • 1.5 Introduction, principles, and procedures of various estimation methods

  • 1.6 Reference values

  • 1.7 Clinical Importance

2.5 FUNDAMENTALS OF IT

UNIT I

  • Basics of Computer

  • Brief history of the development of computers, Definition of Computer, Block diagram of a Computer, Hardware, Software, Booting: Cold and Hot Booting, Interaction between the CPU and Memory with Input/Output devices, Function of CPU and major functional parts of CPU.

  • Memory, Bit, Nibble, Byte, KB, MB, GB, TB, PB, Functions of memory, Use of storage devices in a Computer, List types of memory used in a Computer, Importance of cache memory, CPU speed, and CPU word length

UNIT II

  • Basic Internet Skills

  • Understanding browser, Introduction to WWW, efficient use of search engines, awareness about Digital India portals (state and national portals) and college portals. Advantages of Email, Various email service providers, Creation of email ID, sending and receiving emails, attaching documents with email and drive.

  • Effective use of Gmail, G-Drive, Google Calendar, Google Sites, Google Sheets, and Online mode of communication using Google Meet & WebEx.

Unit III

  • Basic Logic building

  • Introduction to Programming, Steps involved in problem-solving, Definition of Algorithm, Definition of Flowchart, Steps involved in algorithm development, differentiate algorithm and flowchart, symbols used in flowcharts, algorithms for simple problems, flowcharts for simple problems, Practice logic building using flowchart/algorithms.

Unit IV

  • Office Tools like LibreOffice/Open Office/MSOffice.

  • Open Office Writer – Typesetting Text and Basic Formatting, Inserting Images, Hyperlinks, Bookmarks, Tables and Table Properties in Writer

  • Introducing LibreOffice/Open OfficeCalc, Working with Cells, Sheets, data, tables, using formulae and functions, using charts and graphics.

  • OpenOffice Impress – Creating and Viewing Presentations, Inserting Pictures and Tables, Slide Master and Slide Design, Custom Animation.

Unit V

  • Use of Social Media

  • Introduction to Digital Marketing – Why Digital Marketing, Characteristics of Digital Marketing, Tools for Digital Marketing, Effective use of Social Media like LinkedIn, Google+, Facebook, Twitter, etc.: Features of Social Media, Advantages and Disadvantages of Social Media.

2.6 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT 

UNIT I

  • Introduction

  • 1.1 Basics of ecology, ecosystem- concept, and sustainable development, Sources, advantages, disadvantages of renewable and nonrenewable energy.

  • 1.2 Rainwater harvesting

  • 1.3 Deforestation – its effects & control measure

UNIT II

  • Air and Noise Pollution

  • 2.1 Air Pollution: Source of air pollution. Effect of air pollution on human health, economy, Air pollution control methods.

  • 2.2 Noise Pollution: Source of noise pollution, Unit of noise, Effect of noise pollution, Acceptable noise level, and Different methods of minimizing noise pollution.

UNIT III

  • Water and Soil Pollution

  • 3.1 Water Pollution: Impurities in water, Cause of water pollution, Source of water pollution. Effect of water pollution on human health, Concept of DO, BOD, COD. Prevention of water pollution- Water treatment processes, Sewage treatment. Water quality standard.

  • 3.2 Soil Pollution: Sources of soil pollution, Effects and Control of soil pollution, Types of Solid waste- Household, Industrial, Agricultural, Biomedical, Disposal of solid waste, Solid waste management E-waste, E-waste management

UNIT IV

  • Impact of Energy Usage on the Environment

  • Global Warming, Green House Effect, Depletion of Ozone Layer, Acid Rain. Eco-friendly Material, Recycling of Material, Concept of Green Buildings, Concept of Carbon Credit & Carbon footprint.

UNIT V

Disaster Management

A. Different Types of Disaster:

  • Natural Disaster: such as Flood, Cyclone, Earthquakes, and Landslides.

  • Man-made Disasters: such as Fire, Industrial Pollution, Nuclear Disasters, Biological Disasters, Accidents (Air, Sea Rail, and Road), Structural failures(Building and Bridge), War & Terrorism, etc.

  • B.Disaster Preparedness:

  • Disaster Preparedness Plan

  • Prediction, Early Warnings, and Safety Measures of Disaster

  • Psychological response and Management (Trauma, Stress, Rumour and Panic)

    Dr Pramila Singh